Journal of Research in Rehabilitation Sciences

The Comparison of Effects between Tai Chi Exercise and Glucosamine Supplementation on Balance in Older Woman with Knee Osteoarthritis

Document Type : Original Articles

Authors

1 PhD Student, Department of Motor Behavior, School of Physical Education, Alborz Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Motor Behavior, School of Physical Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

10.22122/jrrs.v13i5.3007

Abstract

Introduction: Knee osteoarthritis is one of the most common musculoskeletal problems in older women which affects their daily life. It causes balance impairment, and increases the rate of falling in these patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effects between tai chi exercise and glucosamine supplementation on the balance of older women with knee osteoarthritis.Materials and Methods: This was a clinical trial study, in which 75 women with knee osteoarthritis (according to the Kellgren and Lawrence scale) were chosen, and randomly assigned into 3 groups of tai chi exercise (performed 3 times a week for 3 month), glucosamine supplementation (3 times a week), and control (no intervention). Before and after interventions, static balance (measured by stabilometer in both open and closed eye) and dynamic balance [measured by timed up and go (TUG) test] were examined. Paired sample t and ANOVA tests were implemented for data analyzing at a significant level of less than 0.050.Results: Tai chi exercise had a significant effect on static [open (t = 9.57, P = 0.001) and closed (t = 5.30, P = 0.001) eye] and dynamic balance (t = 8.54, P = 0.001); supplementation variable had a significant effect only on dynamic balance (t = 2.21, P = 0.040); in control group, there was not any significant difference between before and after intervention. Comparing three groups, the ANOVA test showed a significant difference between the exercise and control group in static [open (P = 0.001) and closed (P = 0.001) eye] and dynamic balance (P = 0.040).Conclusion: It seems that tai chi exercises enhance the balance in older women with knee osteoarthritis. It also could be concluded from the results that only the exercise variable has the significant effect on subject’s balance compared to glucosamine supplementation.

Keywords

  1. Ezadpanah A, Moazami M, Khoshraftar Yazdi N. Effect of a period of therapeutic exercise and detraining after that on balance in the women with knee osteoarthritis. J Mod Rehabil 2016; 9(S1): 101-9. [In Persian].
  2. Ng CT, Tan MP. Osteoarthritis and falls in the older person. Age Ageing 2013; 42(5): 561-6.
  3. Sadeghi H, Noori S. The reliability of functional static, semi-dynamic and dynamic balance tests in ectomorph young women. Sport Medicine (Harakat) 2015; 7(1): 35-55. [In Persian].
  4. Gregg EW, Pereira MA, Caspersen CJ. Physical activity, falls, and fractures among older adults: A review of the epidemiologic evidence. J Am Geriatr Soc 2000; 48(8): 883-93.
  5. Matsumoto H, Hagino H, Sageshima H, Osaki M, Tanishima S, Tanimura C. Diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis and gait variability increases risk of falling for osteoporotic older adults: The GAINA study. Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia 2015; 1(1): 46-52.
  6. Mat S, Tan MP, Kamaruzzaman SB, Ng CT. Physical therapies for improving balance and reducing falls risk in osteoarthritis of the knee: A systematic review. Age Ageing 2015; 44(1): 16-24.
  7. Fathi Rezaei Z, Aslankhani MA, Farsi AR, Abdoli B, Zamani Sani SH. A comparison of three functional tests of balance in identifying fallers from non-fallers in elderly people. Knowledge Health 2010; 4(4): 21-6. [In Persain].
  8. Golightly YM, Allen KD, Caine DJ. A comprehensive review of the effectiveness of different exercise programs for patients with osteoarthritis. Phys Sportsmed 2012; 40(4): 52-65.
  9. Tiedemann A, O'Rourke S, Sesto R, Sherrington C. A 12-week Iyengar yoga program improved balance and mobility in older community-dwelling people: A pilot randomized controlled trial. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2013; 68(9): 1068-75.
  10. Konig PR, Galarza E, Goulart NBA, Lanferdini FJ, Tiggeman CL, Dias CP. Effects of Tai Chi Chuan on the elderly balance: A semi-experimental study. Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia 2014; 17(2): 373-81.
  11. Kucharz EJ, Kovalenko V, Szanto S, Bruyere O, Cooper C, Reginster JY. A review of glucosamine for knee osteoarthritis: why patented crystalline glucosamine sulfate should be differentiated from other glucosamines to maximize clinical outcomes. Curr Med Res Opin 2016; 32(6): 997-1004.
  12. Henrotin Y, Marty M, Mobasheri A. What is the current status of chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis? Maturitas 2014; 78(3): 184-7.
  13. Ramezani M, Nekozad N. Comparison between the effectiveness of glucosamine sulfate and zintoma on clinical improvement of knee osteoarthritis. Ebnesina 2011; 14(3): 29-34. [In Persian].
  14. Faul F, Erdfelder E, Lang AG, Buchner A. G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behav Res Methods 2007; 39(2): 175-91.
  15. Burke TN, Franca FJ, Meneses SR, Pereira RM, Marques AP. Postural control in elderly women with osteoporosis: comparison of balance, strengthening and stretching exercises. A randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil 2012; 26(11): 1021-31.
  16. Chen CH, Yen M, Fetzer S, Lo LH, Lam P. The effects of tai chi exercise on elders with osteoarthritis: A longitudinal study. Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci) 2008; 2(4): 235-41.
  17. Kohn MD, Sassoon AA, Fernando ND. Classifications in Brief: Kellgren-Lawrence Classification of Osteoarthritis. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2016; 474(8): 1886-93.
  18. Seyediyan M, Fallah M, Noroziyan M, Nejat S, Delavar A, Ghasemzadeh G. Validation of the Persian version of the brief short test of mental status. SJ Med Counc I.R. Iran 2007; 24(4): 408-14. [In Persian].
  19. Bloch ML, Jonsson LR, Kristensen MT. Introducing a third timed up and go test trial improves performances of hospitalized and community-dwelling older individuals. J Geriatr Phys Ther 2017; 40(3): 121-6.
  20. Sadeghi H, Norouzi H, Karimi Asl A, Montazer M. Functional training program effect on static and dynamic balance in male able-bodied elderly. Salmand Iran J Ageing 2008; 3(2): 565-571. [In Persian].
  21. Erfanian Zorofi F, Mahtab Moazzami M, Mohammadi M. The effect of resistance training on static balance and pain in elderly women with varus knee and osteoarthritis by using elastic band. Journal of Paramedical Science and Rehabilitation 2016; 5(2): 14-24. [In Persian].
  22. Panahi M, Babakhani F, Seidi F. Comparison of static and dynamic balance of physically active college women with different foot arch heights. J Res Rehabil Sci 2016; 12(2): 88-96. [In Persian].
  23. Shimada H, Obuchi S, Furuna T, Suzuki T. New intervention program for preventing falls among frail elderly people: the effects of perturbed walking exercise using a bilateral separated treadmill. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2004; 83(7): 493-9.
  24. Meulyzer M, Vachon P, Beaudry F, Vinardell T, Richard H, Beauchamp G, et al. Comparison of pharmacokinetics of glucosamine and synovial fluid levels following administration of glucosamine sulphate or glucosamine hydrochloride. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2008; 16(9): 973-9.
  25. Messier SP, Mihalko S, Loeser RF, Legault C, Jolla J, Pfruender J, et al. Glucosamine/chondroitin combined with exercise for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: a preliminary study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2007; 15(11): 1256-66.
  26. Choi JH, Moon JS, Song R. Effects of Sun-style Tai Chi exercise on physical fitness and fall prevention in fall-prone older adults. J Adv Nurs 2005; 51(2): 150-7.
Journal of Research in Rehabilitation Sciences
Volume 13, Issue 5 - Serial Number 5
January 2018
Pages 247-254
  • Receive Date: 07 March 2018
  • Revise Date: 19 April 2024
  • Accept Date: 22 May 2022