Sensory re-education methods after peripheral nerve repair in upper extremity: a review article

Abstract   Introduction: Following surgical repair of major nerve trunks there is a rapid functional reorganization in the brain which is characterized by a change in cortical mapping of the hand due to the incorrect reinnervation of peripheral targets. Sensory re-educational programs are used in the rehabilitation phase to facilitate and positively influence the re-learning process. This process is required to make possible an adaptation to the new synaptic organization and to improve the recovery of functional sensibility known as “tactile gnosis”. However, the outcome of such programs is often disappointing, especially in adults. The design of sensory re-education programs has not changed for several decades. Materials and Methods: For the current research, studies were initially identified from such resources as Google, Science Direct, and Ovid and then systematically reviewed. For obtaining some of the studies reviewed here, correspondence with the author(s) was done. Conclusion: The purposes of this paper were to review evolving concepts in neuroscience and cognitive science, to present a rationale for a modified approach to classic sensory re-education, and to suggest new strategies for enhanced sensory re-learning following nerve repair. Keywords: Sensory re-education, Classic strategies, New strategies, Neuroscience and cognitive science.