The Effectiveness of Genetic Factors on the Trainability of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Narrative Review

Document Type : Review Articles

Authors
Hassan Daneshmandi 1
Younes Mosadegh 2
Faezeh Mehdipour 3
Fatemeh Mehdipour 4
1 Professor, Department of Sports Injury and Corrective Exercise, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
2 PhD, Department of Physical Education, Technical and Vocational University, Tehran, Iran
3 MSc Student, Department of Exercise Physiology and Corrective Exercise, School of Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
4 MSc, Department of Biology, School of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
10.48305/jrrs.2026.45550.1118
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders connect to challenges like difficulties in movement. People with these disorders respond in unique ways to exercise and how they improve with practice. Scientists are learning that the genes people have at birth and other things affecting these genes might explain why individuals with autism spectrum disorders are so varied. The genes tied to these disorders are spread, with both common and rare differences showing up. Studies reveal that certain genes such as CNTF, AKT1, AMPD1, and APOE have a role in how much someone improves through exercise programs. These genes help us understand why exercise affects people. Exercise plays a role in helping people with Autism Spectrum Disorder through rehabilitation programs. Some researchers believe that polygenic risk scores and DNA methylation in genes like OXTR and BDNF have an influence on how effective these programs can be. Studying factors such as genes and DNA methylation may explain why some individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder show better responses to exercise programs compared to others. This can provide insights into understanding trainability in autism. It also creates opportunities to explore tailored approaches in exercise and rehab programs.

Keywords

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