Journal of Research in Rehabilitation Sciences

The Frequency and Performance Quality of Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercises for Pelvic Organ Prolapse in Parous Women

Document Type : Original Articles

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

2 MSc Student, Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

4 Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

10.22122/jrrs.v14i2.3176

Abstract

Introduction: Pelvic floor dysfunctions are common among women referred to gynecology clinics, and almost one third of the adult women population is affected. In this study, we evaluated the frequency and quality of pelvic floor muscle exercises for pelvic organ prolapse in parous women.Materials and Methods: Using simple random sampling method, 100 women with pelvic organ prolapse referred to women's clinics in Qom City, Iran, were included in this study. They were selected by gynecologists through clinical examination and doing the maneuver of Valsalva, or by reviewing women’s medical records in Shahid Beheshti hospital in Qom. The data were collected using questionnaires and face-to-face interviews. The collected data were then statistically analyzed.Results: The mean age of women with pelvic organ prolapse symptoms was 43.41 ± 13.01 years, and their mean body mass index (BMI) was 28.63 ± 4.69 kg/m2. Only, 18.00% of this patient population was trained on using pelvic floor exercises; of them, 38.89% performed exercises after delivery. 72.22% of them had correctly learned pelvic floor exercises. Moreover, 77.77% were under personal training and 22.23% were under group training in pregnancy classes. Only 5.55% of trained women were followed by the trainer to evaluate the correctness of the performed exercises.Conclusion: The present study shows that pelvic floor muscle training in parous women with pelvic organ prolapse was not done adequately and properly. Due to lack of follow-up by the trainers, only few women had done pelvic floor muscle exercises.

Keywords

  1. Bump RC, Norton PA. Epidemiology and natural history of pelvic floor dysfunction. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 1998; 25(4): 723-46.
  2. Walker GJ, Gunasekera P. Pelvic organ prolapse and incontinence in developing countries: Review of prevalence and risk factors. Int Urogynecol J 2011; 22(2): 127-35.
  3. Hendrix SL, Clark A, Nygaard I, Aragaki A, Barnabei V, McTiernan A. Pelvic organ prolapse in the Women's Health Initiative: Gravity and gravidity. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002; 186(6): 1160-6.
  4. Braekken IH, Majida M, Engh ME, Bo K. Can pelvic floor muscle training reverse pelvic organ prolapse and reduce prolapse symptoms? An assessor-blinded, randomized, controlled trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2010; 203(2): 170-7.
  5. Athanasiou S, Grigoriadis T, Chalabalaki A, Protopapas A, Antsaklis A. Pelvic organ prolapse contributes to sexual dysfunction: A cross-sectional study. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2012; 91(6): 704-9.
  6. Mannella P, Palla G, Bellini M, Simoncini T. The female pelvic floor through midlife and aging. Maturitas 2013; 76(3): 230-4.
  7. Bozkurt M, Yumru AE, Sahin L. Pelvic floor dysfunction, and effects of pregnancy and mode of delivery on pelvic floor. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2014; 53(4): 452-8.
  8. Rostaminia G, White D, Hegde A, Quiroz LH, Davila GW, Shobeiri SA. Levator ani deficiency and pelvic organ prolapse severity. Obstet Gynecol 2013; 121(5): 1017-24.
  9. Giarenis I, Robinson D. Prevention and management of pelvic organ prolapse. F1000Prime Rep 2014; 6: 77.
  10. Doaee M, Moradi-Lakeh M, Nourmohammadi A, Razavi-Ratki SK, Nojomi M. Management of pelvic organ prolapse and quality of life: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Urogynecol J 2014; 25(2): 153-63.
  11. Serati M, Rizk D, Salvatore S. Vaginal birth and pelvic floor dysfunction revisited: Can cesarean delivery be protective? Int Urogynecol J 2016; 27(1): 1-2.
  12. Braekken IH, Majida M, Engh ME, Bo K. Morphological changes after pelvic floor muscle training measured by 3-dimensional ultrasonography: A randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol 2010; 115(2 Pt 1): 317-24.
  13. Sun Z, Zhu L, Lang J, Zhang Y, Liu G, Chen X, et al. Postpartum pelvic floor rehabilitation on prevention of female pelvic floor dysfunction: a multicenter prospective randomized controlled study. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 2015; 50(6): 420-7. [In Chinese].
  14. Resende AP, Stupp L, Bernardes BT, Oliveira E, Castro RA, Girao MJ, et al. Can hypopressive exercises provide additional benefits to pelvic floor muscle training in women with pelvic organ prolapse? Neurourol Urodyn 2012; 31(1): 121-5.
  15. Mousavi A, Mostafaei P. Assessment of the frequency of pelvic organ prolapse and its risk factors in menopausal women referred to the hospitals of Iran University of Medical Sciences in 2004. Razi J Med Sci 2007; 14(54): 167-77. [In Persian].
  16. Sparrow JM, Bron AJ, Brown NA, Ayliffe W, Hill AR. The Oxford Clinical Cataract Classification and Grading System. Int Ophthalmol 1986; 9(4): 207-25.
  17. Alves FK, Riccetto C, Adami DB, Marques J, Pereira LC, Palma P, et al. A pelvic floor muscle training program in postmenopausal women: A randomized controlled trial. Maturitas 2015; 81(2): 300-5.
  18. Hagen S, Glazener C, McClurg D, Macarthur C, Elders A, Herbison P, et al. Pelvic floor muscle training for secondary prevention of pelvic organ prolapse (PREVPROL): A multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2017; 389(10067): 393-402.
  19. Howard D, Makhlouf M. Can pelvic floor dysfunction after vaginal birth be prevented? Int Urogynecol J 2016; 27(12): 1811-5.
  20. Durnea CM, Khashan AS, Kenny LC, Tabirca SS, O'Reilly BA. The role of prepregnancy pelvic floor dysfunction in postnatal pelvic morbidity in primiparous women. Int Urogynecol J 2014; 25(10): 1363-74.
  21. Rinne KM, Kirkinen PP. What predisposes young women to genital prolapse? Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1999; 84(1): 23-5.
Journal of Research in Rehabilitation Sciences
Volume 14, Issue 2 - Serial Number 2
May 2018
Pages 74-79