Journal of Research in Rehabilitation Sciences

The Relationship between Resilience and Care Burden among Parents of Students with Intellectual Disability in Golestan Province, Iran, in 2016

Document Type : Original Articles

Authors

1 MSc Student, Department of Nursing, Aliabad Katoul Branch, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, Aliabad Katoul Branch, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul, Iran

10.22122/jrrs.v12i5.2752

Abstract

Introduction: Children with intellectual disabilities sometimes disrupt the mental health of the family and cause serious damages in their parents. Consideration of the mental health of parents of exceptional children is important due to the psychological, social, and financial burden of care and increased care burden on families of children with intellectual disabilities.Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive-correlation study. The subjects consisted of 200 parents of students in special schools of Golestan Province, Iran, in 2016. The participants were selected through multistage random sampling method. A demographic information questionnaire, the Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and Elmstahl’s Caregiver Burden Scale were used to collect data. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS software at the significance level of P < 0.05.Results: In this study, the resilience and burden of care scores of parents of children with intellectual disabilities were 51.86 ± 17.27 and 56.89 ± 14.27, respectively. Simple linear regression test showed a significant relationship between resilience and burden of care [B = 0.32, Beta = 0.39, P < 0.01, %95 CI: -6 (-4.2 to -8.1)]; with 1 degree decrease in resilience, the burden of care score will increase 0.3 points.Conclusion: In this study, the burden of care was higher and resilience was lower than average and resilience of parents of students with intellectual disabilities could be increased with reduction in the amount of burden of care. Among the predictive variables, the effect of income on the burden of care was evident to a greater extent in parents of children with intellectual disabilities compared to other variables. This indicates that the burden of care can be reduced and resilience can be increased by raising income levels and economic well-being. Therefore, it is suggested that the necessary economic and counseling measures be taken to reduce the burden of care.

Keywords

  1. Schalock RL, Luckasson RA, Shogren KA, Borthwick-Duffy S, Bradley V, Buntinx WH, et al. The renaming of mental retardation: understanding the change to the term intellectual disability. Intellect Dev Disabil 2007; 45(2): 116-24.
  2. Reichenberg A, Cederlof M, McMillan A, Trzaskowski M, Kapara O, Fruchter E, et al. Discontinuity in the genetic and environmental causes of the intellectual disability spectrum. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2016; 113(4): 1098-103.
  3. Nazer M, Riyahi N, Mokhtaree M. The effect of stress management training with cognitive behavioral style on stress and mental health of parents of children with intellectual disabilities. J Rehab 2016; 17(1): 32-41. [In Persian].
  4. Yarmohammadian A, Akhlaghi A. The effectiveness of painting therapy on reducing aggressive behavior in boy students with mild to moderate mental retardation. J Res Rehabil Sci 2015; 10 (6): 833-44. [In Persian].
  5. Wehmeyer ML, Buntinx WH, Lachapelle Y, Luckasson RA, Schalock RL, Verdugo MA, et al. The intellectual disability construct and its relation to human functioning. Intellect Dev Disabil 2008; 46(4): 311-8.
  6. Singh K, Kumar R, Sharma N, Nehra DK. Study of burden in parents of children with mental retardation. Journal of Indian Health Psychology 2014; 8(2): 13-20.
  7. Raymond FL, Tarpey P. The genetics of mental retardation. Hum Mol Genet 2006; 15(Spec No 2): R110-R116.
  8. Emerson E, Robertson J, Baines S, Hatton C. Obesity in British children with and without intellectual disability: cohort study. BMC Public Health 2016; 16: 644.
  9. Khaleghipour S, Zargar F. Effect of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on depression and life expectancy in mothers of children with Intellectual disabilities J Res Behave Sci 2014; 12(2): 264-73. [In Persian].
  10. Khakpour M, Mehrafarid M. Comparison of mental disorders and resiliency in couples with normal and exceptional children (first child) in Faruj city. J North Khorasan Univ Med Sci 2013; 4 (4): 571-83. [In Persian].
  11. Barnett D, Clements M, Kaplan-Estrin M, Fialka J. Building new dreams: Supporting parents' adaptation to their child with special needs. Infants Young Child 2003; 16(3).
  12. Simon BS, Budo MDLD, Garcia RP, Gomes TF, Oliveira SG, da Silva MM. Social support network to the caregiving family of an individual with a chronic disease: integrative review. J Nurs UFPE on line 2013; 7(5): 4243-50.
  13. Caqueo-Urizar A, Gutierrez-Maldonado J. Burden of care in families of patients with schizophrenia. Qual Life Res 2006; 15(4): 719-24.
  14. Amiri M, Afrooz A, Malahmadi E, Javadi S, Nour-Allahi F, Raezaei-Bidakhvidi A. A study of mental health and parenting stress among parents of mental disabled children. Journal of Behavioral Sciences 2011; 4(4): 261-8. [In Persian].
  15. Kim-Cohen J, Turkewitz R. Resilience and measured gene-environment interactions. Dev Psychopathol 2012; 24(4): 1297-306.
  16. Southwick SM, Bonanno GA, Masten AS, Panter-Brick C, Yehuda R. Resilience definitions, theory, and challenges: interdisciplinary perspectives. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2014; 5: 25338.
  17. Mashayekhi F, Pilevarzadeh M, Rafati F. The assessment of caregiver burden in caregivers of hemodialysis patients. Mater Sociomed 2015; 27(5): 333-6.
  18. Scott CB. Alzheimer's disease caregiver burden: does resilience matter? J Hum Behav Soc Environ 2013; 23(8): 879-92.
  19. Salmani N, Ashketorab T, Hasanvand S. The burden of caregiverand related factors of oncology. J Nurs Midwifery Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci 2014; 24(84): 11-7. [In Persian].
  20. Mashayekhi F, Rafati S, Rafati F, Pilehvarzadeh M, Mohammadi-Sardo M R. A study of caregiver burden in mothers with thalassemia children in Jiroft, 2013. Modern Care 2014; 11(3): 229-35. [In Persian].
  21. Lee SJ, Li L, Jiraphongsa C, Rotheram-Borus MJ. Caregiver burden of family members of persons living with HIV in Thailand. Int J Nurs Pract 2010; 16(1): 57-63.
  22. Avsar U, Avsar UZ, Cansever Z, Set T, Cankaya E, Kaya A, et al. Psychological and emotional status, and caregiver burden in caregivers of patients with peritoneal dialysis compared with caregivers of patients with renal transplantation. Transplant Proc 2013; 45(3): 883-6.
  23. Hagh Ranjbar F, Kakavand A, Borjali A, Bermas H. Resiliency and life quality in mothers of children with mental retardation. Journal of Health Psychology 2011; 1(1): 177-87.
  24. Momeni K, Akbari M, Atashzadeh Shourideh F. Relationship between resilience and burnout of nurses. Teb Tazkiyeh 2009; 18(3-4): 37-47. [In Persian].
  25. Harden J. Developmental life stage and couples' experiences with prostate cancer: a review of the literature. Cancer Nurs 2005; 28(2): 85-98.
  26. Abbasi A, Ashrafrezaee N, Asayesh H, Shariati A, Rahmani H, Mollaei E, et al . The relationship between caring burden and coping strategies in hemodialysis patients caregivers. J Urmia Nurs Midwifery Fac 2012; 10(4): 533-9. [In Persian].
  27. Zahid MA, Ohaeri JU. Relationship of family caregiver burden with quality of care and psychopathology in a sample of Arab subjects with schizophrenia. BMC Psychiatry 2010; 10: 71.
  28. Agren S, Evangelista L, Stromberg A. Do partners of patients with chronic heart failure experience caregiver burden? Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2010; 9(4): 254-62.
  29. Adeosun II. Correlates of caregiver burden among family members of patients with schizophrenia in Lagos, Nigeria. Schizophr Res Treatment 2013; 2013: 353809.
  30. Abasi S, Fadakar K, Khaleghdoost T, Sedighi A, Atrkar Roshan Z. Survey the problems of families with mentally retarded child covered by Guilan Welfare Centers in2010. Holist Nurs Midwifery 2010; 20(1): 33-9. [In Persian].
  31. Garlo K, O'Leary JR, Van Ness PH, Fried TR. Burden in caregivers of older adults with advanced illness. J Am Geriatr Soc 2010; 58(12): 2315-22.
Journal of Research in Rehabilitation Sciences
Volume 12, Issue 5 - Serial Number 5
January 2017
Pages 252-258