Journal of Research in Rehabilitation Sciences

The Effect of Hopping Exercises on the Feedforward and Feedback Activity and Start Time of Selected Lower Limb Muscles in Athletes with Functional Ankle Instability in Single Leg Jump Task

Document Type : Original Articles

Authors

1 MSc Student, Department of Sport Injury and Corrective Exercises, School of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Sport Injury and Corrective Exercises, School of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Department of Sport Injury and Corrective Exercises, School of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran

10.22122/jrrs.v16i0.3444

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hopping exercises on the feedback and feedforward activity of selected lower limb muscles in single leg jump landing task in athletes with functional ankle instability.Materials and Methods: 24 male athletes (12 in the control group and 12 in the training group) with functional ankle instability participated in this randomized clinical trial. Hopping exercises were given for six weeks, three times a week to the experimental group. The control group continued their routine exercise three sessions per week. The electric activity of Peroneus Longus, Tibialis Anterior, Medial Gastrocnemius, gluteus medius, and gluteus maximus muscles in the jump landing, before and after the hopping exercises were collected.Results: The results of this study showed that after six weeks of hopping exercises, there was a significant effect on the onset of activity of the Peroneus Longus and gluteus medius muscles (P ≤ 0.001). There was a significant increase in the activity of Peroneus Longus (P ≤ 0.003), Medial Gastrocnemius (P ≤ 0.005), and gluteus medius (P ≤ 0.001) muscles in 100 milliseconds before the first contact of the foot on the ground. In addition, Peroneus Longus (P ≤ 0.001) and gluteus medius (P ≤ 0.001) activity increased significantly between 100-200 milliseconds after the first contact of the foot on the ground. However, no significant difference was observed in muscle activity of the untreated control group (P > 0.050). No significant change was recorded in the activity of the Tibialis Anterior, Medial Gastrocnemius, and gluteus maximus muscles (P > 0. 050).Conclusion: Six weeks of hopping exercises seem to reduce the time interval before the onset of activity and increase the activity amplitude for aforementioned muscles in single leg jump landing in athletes with functional ankle sprain. Therefore, while planning therapeutic exercise programs for athletes with functional ankle instability, it may be beneficial to have a look at hoping exercises.

Keywords

  1. Miklovic TM, Donovan L, Protzuk OA, Kang MS, Feger MA. Acute lateral ankle sprain to chronic ankle instability: A pathway of dysfunction. Phys Sportsmed 2018; 46(1): 116-22.
  2. Baroni BM, Generosi RA, Junior ECPL. Incidence and factors related to ankle sprains in athletes of futsal national teams. Fisioter Mov 2008; 21(4): 79-88.
  3. Kazemi K, Abdollahi I, Arab A. Evaluation of the electromyographic activity of distal and proximal muscles of the lower extremity after ankle sprain (Review Article). Physical Treatment 2013; 3 (3): 46-52. [In Persian].
  4. Salom-Moreno J, Ayuso-Casado B, Tamaral-Costa B, Sanchez-Mila Z, Fernandez-de-las-Penas C, Alburquerque-Sendin F. Trigger point dry needling and proprioceptive exercises for the management of chronic ankle instability: A randomized clinical trial. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2015; 2015: 790209.
  5. Hubbard TJ, Kramer LC, Denegar CR, Hertel J. Contributing factors to chronic ankle instability. Foot Ankle Int 2007; 28(3): 343-54.
  6. Shih YF, Yu HT, Chen WY, Liao KK, Lin HC, Yang YR. The effect of additional joint mobilization on neuromuscular performance in individuals with functional ankle instability. Phys Ther Sport 2018; 30: 22-8.
  7. Brown CN, Rosen AB, Ko J. Ankle ligament laxity and stiffness in chronic ankle instability. Foot Ankle Int 2015; 36(5): 565-72.
  8. Karimizadeh Ardakani M, Alizadeh Mh, Abrahimi Takamojani E. The effect of barre au sol on the body composition and flexibility of nonathletic women. Management of Sport and Movement Sciences 2012; 2(4): 139-51. [In Persian].
  9. Holm LW, Carroll LJ, Cassidy JD, Hogg-Johnson S, Cote P, Guzman J, et al. The burden and determinants of neck pain in whiplash-associated disorders after traffic collisions: Results of the Bone and Joint Decade 2000-2010 Task Force on Neck Pain and Its Associated Disorders. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2009; 32(2 Suppl): S61-S69.
  10. Kuitunen S, Avela J, Kyrolainen H, Nicol C, Komi PV. Acute and prolonged reduction in joint stiffness in humans after exhausting stretch-shortening cycle exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 2002; 88(1-2): 107-16.
  11. Huang PY, Lin CF. Effects of balance training combined with plyometric exercise in postural control: Application in individuals with functional ankle instability. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg; 2010 p. 232-5.
  12. Kazemi K, Amiri A, Ghotbi N, Jamshidi A A, Razi M. Effects of perturbation training on ground reaction force and function in athletes with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Modern Rehabilitation 2015; 9(3): 27-35. [In Persian].
  13. Javdaneh N, Minoonejad H, Shirzad E. Investigating some neuromuscular risk factors of acl injury in athletes with ankle pronation deformity. Journal of Exercise Science and Medicine 2015; 7(2): 221-35. [In Persian].
  14. Momeni S, Barati A, Letafatkar A, Jamshidi A, Hovanlo F. The effects of plyometric training on performance and the feed-forward activation of calf muscles in active females with functional ankle instability in single leg drop landing. J Ilam Univ Med Sc 2017; 25(2): 42-54. [In Persian].
  15. Prentice WE. Rehabilitation techniques for sports medicine and athletic training. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2004.
  16. Hadadnezhad M. Compare the performance and plyometric exercises influence on some parameters of EMG in active females with Trunk Neuromuscular Control Deficit [PhD Thesis] Tehran, Iran: University of Tehran; 2013. [In Persian].
  17. Fu SN, Hui-Chan CW. Modulation of prelanding lower-limb muscle responses in athletes with multiple ankle sprains. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2007; 39(10): 1774-83.
  18. Samadi H, Rajabi R, Karimizadeh Ardakani M. The effect of six weeks of neuromuscular training on joint position sense and lower extremity function in male athletes with functional ankle instability. Journal of Exercise Science and Medicine 2017; 9(1): 15-33. [In Persian].
  19. Wikstrom E. Functional vs isokinetic fatigue protocol: effects on time to stabilization, peak vertical ground reaction forces, and joint kinematics in jump landing [MSc Thesis]. Gainesville, FL: University of Florida; 2003.
  20. Caulfield B, Garrett M. Changes in ground reaction force during jump landing in subjects with functional instability of the ankle joint. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2004; 19(6): 617-21.
  21. Hodges PW, Bui BH. A comparison of computer-based methods for the determination of onset of muscle contraction using electromyography. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1996; 101(6): 511-9.
  22. Delahunt E, Monaghan K, Caulfield B. Altered neuromuscular control and ankle joint kinematics during walking in subjects with functional instability of the ankle joint. Am J Sports Med 2006; 34(12): 1970-6.
  23. Rose W. Electromyogram analysis [Online]. [cited 2019 Oct 24]; Available from: URL: https://www1.udel.edu/biology/rosewc/kaap686/notes/EMG%20analysis.pdf
  24. Caffrey E, Docherty C, Schrader J, Klossner J. The Ability of 4 Single-Limb Hopping Tests to Detect Functional Performance Deficits in Individuals with Functional Ankle Instability. The Journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapy 2009; 39: 799-806.
  25. Gribble P, Robinson R. Differences in spatiotemporal landing variables during a dynamic stability task in subjects with CAI. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2010; 20(1): e63-e71.
  26. Keshavarz L, Letafatkar A, Hadadnezhad M. Effect of eight weeks of jump-landing exercise on feedforward and feedback activation of selected trunk and lower extremity muscles andlower extremity performance in active females. Medical Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences 2019; 40(5): 73-82. [In Persian].
  27. Caffrey E, Docherty CL, Schrader J, Klossner J. The ability of 4 single-limb hopping tests to detect functional performance deficits in individuals with functional ankle instability. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2009; 39(11): 799-806.
  28. Mamashli A, Jamshidi AA, Maroufi N, Jafari H. Timing of the core muscles during landing in healthy subjects. Physical Treatment 2013; 2(2): 37-42. [In Persian].
  29. Suda EY, Sacco IC. Altered leg muscle activity in volleyball players with functional ankle instability during a sideward lateral cutting movement. Phys Ther Sport 2011; 12(4): 164-70.
  30. Abbasi h, Alizadeh MH, Daneshmandi H, Barati AH. Comparing the effect of functional, extra-functional and combined exercises on dynamic balance in athletes with functional ankle instability. Studies in Sport Medicine 2015; 7(17): 15-34. [In Persian].
  31. Santello M. Review of motor control mechanisms underlying impact absorption from falls. Gait Posture 2005; 21(1): 85-94.
  32. Lephart SM, Abt JP, Ferris CM, Sell TC, Nagai T, Myers JB, et al. Neuromuscular and biomechanical characteristic changes in high school athletes: a plyometric versus basic resistance program. Br J Sports Med 2005; 39(12): 932-8.
  33. Hadadnezhad M, Rajabi R, Ashraf Jamshidi A, Shirzad E. The effect of plyometric training on trunk muscle pre-activation in active females with trunk neuromuscular control deficit. J Shahid Sadoughi Univ Med Sci 2014; 21(6): 705-15. [In Persian].
Journal of Research in Rehabilitation Sciences
Volume 16, Issue 1 - Serial Number 1
April 2020
Pages 42-50
  • Receive Date: 01 February 2020
  • Revise Date: 02 June 2022
  • Accept Date: 22 May 2022